Archives par mot-clé : Trucs & astuces

Trucs & astuces, Debian, GNU/Linux

Comment trouver la version de Debian GNU/Linux utilisée

Lorsqu’on intervient sur le système d’un client, ami ou collègue pour l’aider ou pour donner des conseils, il arrive que même la personne responsable de ce système ne sache plus exactment quelle version du système d’exploitation est utilisée.

Il est possible que cette personne ait elle-même hérité de cette responsabilité, ou bien que quelqu’un d’autre ait installé le système à sa place, lors d’un atelier ou à la demande d’un employeur, par exemple. On peut aussi vouloir vérifier la version qu’on utilise sur un système partagé.

Sur un système Debian, la commande lsb_release peut être utilisée. Si elle n’est pas installée, elle est disponible en installant le paquet lsb-release.

lsb-release: Utilitaire de rapport de version du Linux Standard Base

Le Linux Standard Base (http://www.linuxbase.org/) est un standard pour le coeur du système sur lequel des applications d’une tierce partie peuvent s’appuyer.
La commande lsb-release est un simple outil pour aider à identifier la distribution Linux utilisée et sa conformité avec le Linux Standard Base.
Cette conformité ne sera pas rapportée sauf si les métapaquets requis sont installés.
Bien qu’elle soit conçue pour être utilisée par les paquets LSB, cette commande peut aussi être utile pour distinguer une distribution Debian d’une version dérivée.

Voici un exemple de résultats avec une Debian 7:
$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 7.0 (wheezy)
Release: 7.0
Codename: wheezy

On peut aussi examiner le fichiers correspondants dans /etc ainsi:
$ cat /etc/debian_version
7.0

$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME= »Debian GNU/Linux 7.0 (wheezy) »
NAME= »Debian GNU/Linux »
VERSION_ID= »7.0″
VERSION= »7.0 (wheezy) »
ID=debian
ANSI_COLOR= »1;31″
HOME_URL= »http://www.debian.org/ »
SUPPORT_URL= »http://www.debian.org/support/ »
BUG_REPORT_URL= »http://bugs.debian.org/ »

 
Ubuntu Planet, Ubuntu, Debian, Annonces, Communautaire, GNU/Linux

Debian Quebec is here :)

As many of you already know by now, Debian 7 is here!

I’ve been using Debian as my primary work environment for a few months now and Trisquel at home for the past year and a half or so. My advocacy work has changed as a result, and I stopped focusing on Ubuntu, while still recommending version 12.04 LTS that just works for many. There’s also Ubuntu Gnome (or is it Gnome Ubuntu) now, so there is still a good array of choices for those like me that like the GNOME 3 environment and find it productive. Oh, did I mention Cinnamon 1.8 was just released?

openlogo-100

I am happy to announce that there is now a Debian Quebec group, and we just got our mailing list approved in the Debian project. This was not as fast an easy as in Ubuntu-land, and I took the time to fully document the process to get the mailing list going, in case others may want to do the same. It may all seem too slow or difficult, but every step of the way several people helped and I learned a lot. I took this as an opportunity to contribute to the project and at the same time I found that it may be hard for new GNU/Linux users to get started in Debian – or even for experienced ones like me, coming from Ubuntu.

That’s why after a few IRC messages I started working on a Welcome to Debian resource (and team) aimed at people that use other distributions and come to Debian for the first time. It’s still very new and incomplete, but it’s what I wished was around when I started dedicating serious time to this distribution a few months ago.

As luck would have it, Debian 7 was just around the corner, just a few days/weeks after Ubuntu 13.04 and Trisquel 6 were released. This called for an all-distributions Debian 7 release party (we’ll have two locations, Montreal and Quebec City). There will be workshops and presentations from 12:30 to 5:30 PM and then a happy hour with CLibre and Libre Planet. Check the Agenda du Libre if you’re in Montreal this week (or any time soon), perhaps we can cross paths.

 
Ubuntu Planet, Trucs & astuces, Ubuntu, Debian, GNU/Linux

New LibrePlanet LiveCode users group

I’ve recently been involved in a project with a customer to set up their development team to use LiveCode on Debian workstations. If you haven’t heard about LiveCode, they recently had 3,342 backers pledge £493,795 of the initial £350,000 goal on Kickstarter. That’s quite an accomplishment! I am not involved in the development part of this project, only in providing infrastructure support and services.

Since we needed to start working on documentation and I already work with other colleagues via IRC, I thought it would be useful to start a wiki space and IRC channel, and other resources via the dedicated resources provided by the Free Software Foundation in addition to upcoming resources that may be provided by RunRev, the creators of LiveCode.

The goal here is to collaborate with the community and help RunRev in this initial transition to open sourcing LiveCode, while offloading some of the self support to the FSF infrastructure (via LibrePlanet which is their community portal/resource).

If anyone is interested, a few initial resources and links have been put together already.

It looks like many people are already using LiveCode on Ubuntu, judging by the many screenshots in existing tutorials and guides. I hope other Debian derivatives benefit from this and perhaps even other distributions.

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Ubuntu Planet, Ubuntu, Trucs & astuces, Debian, Trisquel, GNU/Linux

Ajenti, another web admin panel

2 commentaires

I just found out about Ajenti, a system management Web UI (released as free open source software under the GPLv3 license), it may be useful to manage desktops and small server setups, as opposed to other projects like Zentyal which do a lot more.

Ajenti

I’ve asked if it’s compatible with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (which would mean also compatible with Trisquel 6).

Why is this interesting? There are tons of web interfaces out there and vendors of NAS hardware all implement a variation of this. A few years ago when I came across the Franklin Street Statement on Freedom and Network Services I decided that if I was to advocate the use of autonomous, self-hostined/managed services, I should try to Eat my own dog food whenever I could. With this in mind, I kept my eyes open for projects that would not only publish their source code under free open source licenses but also would be easy to implement at home, with consumer hardware, in typical DIY manner – just a bit shy of the current cloud this and cloud that madness.

I’ve been using OpenMediaVault for a couple of small NAS projects, and I love it. It’s based off Debian so I am in familiar territory, I wish this was part of Debian already, I prefer adding such web UIs to existing vanilla installs instead of using a dedicated/modified/derived distribution. I also like its plugins, specially the OpenVPN one, which even generates archives with files and instructions when creating a new access. But aren’t plugins much like packages, optional funcitonality which you should be able to add/remove without bvreaking the system? The main difference is when you have pluggins in such a web UI, such plugins aren’t of Debian-package quality, and introduce yet another layer of software you need to keep an eye on for updates, upgrades, security, etc. Oh, and yet another bug tracker, forum, blog, etc. to follow if you are to get involved.

I’ve always wondered why web UIs like those on OpenWRT or DD-WRT / Tomato are not part of all GNU/Linux distributions, as a separate package. A lot of commercial providers come up with their own too, it all seems like a huge duplication of effort when someone comes up with yet-another-web-ui. Having a common project or interface guidelines would make it easier to use 100% free software on such devices, while having an easy-to-use web interface.

When I researched alternative firmware to use with my DNS-323 Dlink NAS device, I came across Alt-F, yet another one! This motivated me into researching how to install a full distribution on it – eventually Debian was it. It’s very interesting that one can install Debian on several NAS-like devices or specialized hardware, but then you loose the access to a nice (though always different) web interface provided by the vendor.

In many ways it seems sysadmin work and infrastructure management can be done with 100% free software, but what good is it when you have to depend on proprietary interfaces or middleware? I think projects like OpenMediaVault and Ajenti go in the right direction.

What are your favorite Web UI implementations of every-day infrastructure administration tasks?

 
Trucs & astuces, Ubuntu, Ubuntu Planet, Debian, LibreOffice, Trisquel, GNU/Linux

LibreOffice 3.5.5 released – categorized bug fixes

LibreOffice 3.5.5 has been released:

Berlin, July 11th, 2012. The Document Foundation today announces the immediate availability of LibreOffice 3.5.5, the current version of the free office suite.

This release fixes a number of bugs and further improves the stability of the software, making it the best version available for corporate and enterprise adoption. Among the changes are improvements in Calc, Impress, in the handling of fonts as well as enhancements with regards to importing and exporting third-party formats. […]

Keep in mind if you are using Ubuntu or Trisquel you need to be using the LibreOffice PPA to upgrade to this version. Make sure you read the LibreOffice notes for Ubuntu if you choose to do this. Remember this is not covered by commercial support.

I took the liberty to categorize the detailed technical change logs, which are available here:

 

Legend:

  • BNC# = bugzilla.novell.com
  • FDO# = freedesktop.org
  • I# = issues.apache.org
  • RHBZ# = bugzilla.redhat.com
  1. Performance fixes
    • fdo#48932 super slow typing and scrolling in large documents [Caolán McNamara]
    • fdo#47636 Extremely slow display with font fallback [Caolán McNamara]
    • fdo#49582 FILESAVE: Long delays saving in XP .XLS format [Petr Mladek]
  2. Notable usability and UI fixes
    • fdo#49724 update filters for file selector’s file type categories [Alberto Ferreira]
    • fdo#49948 ignore corrupted items in Recent Documents [Stephan Bergmann]
    • fdo#50981 update of German dictionaries (2012.06.10) [Andras Timar]
    • rhbz#799628 related: crash with chewing-IM with g3g [Caolán McNamara]
    • rhbz#678440 opening urls fails with error 403 on picky servers [Fridrich Štrba, Stephan Bergmann]
  3. Functionality fixes
    • bnc#652364 & bnc#750255 column break without columns seems to be a page break [Luboš Luňák]
    • bnc#750255 column break without columns seems to be a page break [Luboš Luňák]
    • bnc#757609 import vmlshape ‘hidden’ style attribute and apply to controls [Noel Power]
    • bnc#762542 don’t rotate calc shapes if twoCellAnchor, partial fix [Noel Power]
    • fdo#35972 toolbarmanager must be aware of changes in SvtMiscOptions [Ivan Timofeev]
    • fdo#38116 fix double hairline border drawing some more: [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#40874 make recorded border macros run: [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#42379 hide separators before calculating line breaks [Ivan Timofeev]
    • fdo#33634 better drawing support for borders of different width, [Markus Mohrhard]
    • fdo#42405 remove this, nowadays MenuItemAllowed disables menu entries [Ivan Timofeev]
    • fdo#42865 privatized unique empty string symbol: [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#43895 related Fixed shortcommings of FileDialogHelper_Impl::verifyPath [Stephan Bergmann]
    • fdo#45592 similar to type for property UNO_NAME_SAVE_FILTER_DATA is wrong [Noel Power]
    • fdo#45987 ensure that number of tabs is correctly set in ScViewData, [Markus Mohrhard]
    • fdo#46074 ignore corrupted items in Recent Documents [Stephan Bergmann]
    • fdo#46112 tweak condition to prevent guessing only… [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#47325 legacy reports: survive absence of Sorting hidden control [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#47473 try to set new order only after field columns are available [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#47520 use the already retrieved row instead of driver row [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#47805 rework handling of 64-bit registry entries [Andras Timar]
    • fdo#48018 legacy reports do not sort by group columns [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#48068 fix parsing of path d-attribute [Chr. Rossmanith]
    • fdo#48345 need to refresh row also when not m_bRowCountFinal [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#48647 fix double hairline border drawing some more: [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#49430 fix missing form control, partial fix for [Noel Power]
    • fdo#49438 heuristic pseudo-hack to use hair-lines if width <= 0.5 pixel [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#50139 do not cut first character of field text [Andras Timar]
    • fdo#50141 character count (with spaces) incorrect with numbering on. [Muhammad Haggag]
    • fdo#50144 put full reference text to selection field [Andras Timar]
    • fdo#50676 silence SolarMutex not locked spew [Caolán McNamara]
    • i#110536 legacy reports do not sort by group columns [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • i#116848 revert « Fixed Shapes are at wrong position » [Fridrich Štrba]
    • i#118068 revert « calc69: handle all-hidden case in ScDrawUtil::CalcScale » [Eike Rathke]
    • fdo#30519 Bad transitions if « use hardware acceleration » is enabled [David Tardon]
    • fdo#41556VIEWING: Incomplete font substitution when FontConfig matches italic font [Caolán McNamara]
    • fdo#43967 VIEWING: legacy report designer wizard improperly formats dates [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#51243 Trying to edit a report from new (but awful) Report Builder hangs libreoffice [Lionel Elie Mamane]
  4. Crash fixes
    • fdo#46687 fix Styles and Formatting gtk crasher [Bjoern Michaelsen]
    • fdo#50169 band-aid another crash in GraphiteLayout::expandOrCondense: [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#50173 fix Styles and Formatting gtk crasher [Bjoern Michaelsen]
    • fdo#50372 crash when refresh of last already-known row unexpectedly fails [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#50868 fix potential further crashes like the one in [Fridrich Štrba]
    • fdo#51249 Crash while saving a document with track-changes enabled [Pierre-Eric Pelloux-Prayer]
    • fdo#51619 [CRASH] legacy reports: asks for parameters, then for empty parameters list then CRASH [Lionel Elie Mamane]
    • fdo#50178 reading Visio file causes crash [Julien Nabet]
    • fdo#50988 Draw crashes on loading MS Logical Design Diagram example visio file. [Julien Nabet]
  5. Update/installer fixes
    • fdo#50603 Unable to update LibreOffice without resetting user profile [Stephan Bergmann]
    • fdo#43989 let unopkg.exe run with elevated privileges during install [Andras Timar]
    • fdo#48914 uninstall process should remove .pyc files from install directory [Andras Timar]
    • fdo#51270 On UNINSTALLING, LibreOffice leaves dirt behind [Andras Timar]
  6. GNU/Linux fixes
    • fdo#34638 and fdo#50415 Fix Shortcut names which are not localized on Linux [Thomas Arnhold]
    • i#86306 revert fix for « prepare against really broken CUPS installations… » [Stephan Bergmann]
  7. Mac/PPC fixes
    • fdo#47035 fix loading of jpeg files on Mac/PPC [Christian Lohmaier]
    • i#81127 revert « sw34bf03: patch by pmladek: linux/ppc: remove -fsigned-char » [Caolán McNamara, Rene Engelhard]
    • rhbz#820554 & rhbz#826609 fix smoketest on ppc[64] and s390 [Caolán McNamara]
    • i#86306 revert fix for « prepare against really broken CUPS installations… » [Stephan Bergmann]
  8. Windows fixes
    • fdo#47044 adapt to different Windows versions’ InternetQueryOption behavior [Stephan Bergmann]
    • fdo#50509 MSI: UI language selection from command line (e.g. silent install) [Andras Timar]
  9. .doc/.docx/.xslx/Visio import fixes
    • bnc#747461 implement relativeHeight (z-order) in .docx import (part of [Luboš Luňák]
    • bnc#750838 .docx wrap values mean different things than in LO, map them [Luboš Luňák]
    • bnc#751077 handle recursive <w:p> because of shapes [Luboš Luňák]
    • i#17200 & bnc#757118 fix horizontal rule width in .doc documents [Luboš Luňák]
    • bnc#757910 fix WW8 import of textboxes with thin border/inner margin [Miklos Vajna]
    • fdo#43249 WW8: fix double border import: [Michael Stahl]
    • fdo#50178 reading Visio file causes crash [Julien Nabet]
    • fdo#50304 fix excel row height export problems ( I hope ) [Noel Power]
    • i#93609, i#94028 better import xlsx heights [Noel Power]
    • fdo#46738 Cell background and border color formatting information of empty cells lost in particular document after FILESAVE as xls and xlsx [Petr Mladek]
    • fdo#48601 FILEOPEN: Open Visio’s file with bitmap’s blocks [Julien Nabet, Fridrich Štrba]
    • fdo#48602 FILEOPEN: The Greek codepage instead the Russian codepage (*.vsd by MS_Visio-2000) [Fridrich Štrba]
    • fdo#49582 FILESAVE: Long delays saving in XP .XLS format [Petr Mladek]
    • fdo#50988 Draw crashes on loading MS Logical Design Diagram example visio file. [Julien Nabet]
    • fdo#51601 Cannot open xlsx file [Eike Rathke]
  10. RTF import fixes
    • fdo#44174 RTF_TITLEPG when title page has no header [Miklos Vajna]
    • fdo#45190 import of RTF_LI should reset inherited RTF_FI [Miklos Vajna]
    • fdo#45522 fix crash on RTF export of sub-tables during copy&paste [Miklos Vajna]
    • fdo#49968 speed up RTF import of repeated character/paragraph properties [Miklos Vajna]
    • fdo#50539 fix RTF import of automatic character background color [Miklos Vajna]
    • rhbz#825548 speed up RTF import of repeated character/paragraph properties [Miklos Vajna]
    • fdo#49178 CRASH when FILEOPEN particular RTF [Julien Nabet]