Archives de catégorie : Trucs & astuces

Making new Ubuntu users happier

When you upgrade to Ubuntu after release, or when one of your friends, family or colleagues installs it for the first time, I trust they will like many of the new features or just appreciate finding everything they need in their new Ubuntu installation. I also trust in some cases they will encounter some of the known issues which at this point (1 week before release) may not be fixed and may not make it but we need to know about. Imagine when someone mentions an issue and you can say « Yeah, I know about it. » and « I reported that bug » / « It’s in the release notes » / « We’re working on it » … « This morning’s updates fixes it » !!!

Don’t miss this opportunity !!!

Ok, this is not as exciting as getting your fingerprint reader to work or customizing window close/maximize buttons positions…

If you consider using Ubuntu 10.10 when it releases (or already do), upgrading to it, or suggesting anyone around you doing so, this would be a good time to read the Maverick Technical Overview 🙂 Making new (or existing, upgrading) Ubuntu users happier also means knowing about its issues before hand, and deciding if you stick to 10.04 LTS, wait a bit longer before upgrading, or else. How else can you help improve such knowledge ?

As many may know, most of Canonical workforce is distributed, but we often get together in sprints where we attack a specific subject. During this week at the Montreal Canonical office we’re having a special event around the upcoming Ubuntu 10.10 release. We’re literally sprinting until Friday, on a very busy week during which we’ll wrap-up all the information we have from weeks of testing, bug reporting/triaging, support issues reported by customers, escalated issues, knowledgebase solutions, and more.

Lots of fun! Specially when Boris is around 😉

For our sprint this week in the Montreal support office, my team is focusing on desktop issues within the following areas, among others:

* Networking (wifi, drivers, sharing, printing..)
* Boot / install / post-install issues (upstart, GRUB*, casper..)
* Video (multi-head, setup, legacy drivers..)

Other teams are focusing on server, cloud, and more. It’s interesting Desktop and « other » areas intersect in what most would generally call « corporate » use of Ubuntu – mass deployments, OEM issues, etc. So we’ve also learned to never underestimate even the tiniest Desktop papercuts 🙂

You can see some of the issues and bugs we consider worth knowing before hand in this Delicious bookmarks feed. If you’re interested in contributing to this list, consider using Delicious and tagging with « maverick » and « bug ». We’ve also chosen some more tags representing tasks around them, for example « relnotes » for those issues already in the release notes and « norelnotes » for those without an entry, but which we consider would benefit from being there. Most importantly, please consider filing a bug against the Ubuntu Release Notes project if you feel something should be there to help evaluating going to Ubuntu 10.10.

You will instantly become a better person, I promise.

Back to what we’re doing this week, this is a bit different than most sprints in that we’re not specifically targeting finding a solution for most issues, but rather workarounds or maybe just even making a small note land in the Maverick Technical Overview (which will later become the Release Notes). Given our workflow, we’re also reporting bugs as we go, but I view that mostly as a labor of documenting existing problems, not necessarily advancing their resolution directly – at least not during this week.

So if you have a particular pet peeve that is not in our release notes or Delicious feed, please let me know, I am always interested and curious to share such information.

 

How to upgrade to Lucid Lynx (Ubuntu 10.04 LTS) ?

Introducing… The Ubuntu Upgrade Wizard 🙂

If you’ve wondered how to upgrade from from 8.04 LTS or from Ubuntu 9.10 to Lucid Lynx (soon-to-be 10.04 LTS), you may find the above link useful.

It’s a little experiment in documentation built in « Choose-your-own-Adventure » fashion. I don’t mean to replace any official docs but I’d like to have comments if anyone thinks it’s useful or how to improve it.

Upgrade Wizard wiki guide

Please note this is NOT an applications – it is only a wiki guide meant to be followed by clicking on corresponding links!

I am using this as part of a set of internal tools for support (as Canonical staff are encouraged to upgrade to beta versions during development cycles) but also as a community tool to help follow best practices.I’ve also integrated links to IRC and the Answers section of Launchpad – I believe integrating live chat and the question/answer facility may help too.

The target here is beginners but also experienced Ubuntu users that seek an easy way to help someone upgrade.

Let me know what you think.

BTW I’ve focused on 8.04LTS and 9.10 but if anyone is willing to document upgrading from the other versions using the same conventions just let me know.

 

Thank you Ubuntu Québec and Facebook

Télévision de Radio-Canada is a Canadian French language television network. It is owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, known in French as Société Radio-Canada, or just « Radio-Canada », for the rest of us. – from Wikipedia

A couple of weeks ago they launched a new web site, tou.tv, making « available » all their TV shows (or most of them)… in Flash 🙁

Never mind it’s 2010 and HTML5, Ogg Theora and in general open standards and formats are the talk of the day on most web development sites… Flash 10 is a bad enough choice as it is, but apparently tou.tv’s team just forgot that Linux existed.

Within hours of the launch Ubuntu Québec team members started complaining on the mailing list and on tou.tv’s Facebook group. We wrote to their admins, provided details, wrote to the ombudsman, got canned replies for all communications. We then put together a Facebook group, and started inviting people to join and we shared our findings (now all on a public wiki). 451 people joined the group which is an amazing number for Quebec province, given the context. I never ever thought I’d use Facebook for open formats and Linux support advocacy in such a way!

Only one programmer from the tou.tv’s team first acknowledged the problem, then asked for testers. That’s it, total silence from the tax-payers-funded TV network and website.

Within hours of the initial launch people on the mailing list had analyzed the streaming protocol, the Javascript code, etc. and ruled out problems there. To our amazement, a single commented line was preventing any shows to be displayed. Someone put together a GreaseMonkey script, someone else tested it… we went online on IRC to coordinate testing + blogging. Bottom line is we came up with a workaround. A week later tou.tv finally applied minimal fixes to unblock the Flash display on Linux systems.

The site is not perfect and now other minor issues subsist, and yes, I wish open formats were an option. For now I just wanted to thank Ubuntu for providing not only an incredible operating system but also an amazing community that made all this possible 🙂 I also wanted to thank the Free Software Foundation as we used several resources from them such as the Defective by Design web site to explain the problems associated to using DRM-like implementations of web TV sites, and the problems of not using open formats, such as Flash.

I also wanted to send a big FAIL to Radio-Canada and tou.tv’s team. To this day they don’t even mention Linux on their FAQ.

You can also find more details about this little victory of ours in my original blog post in French.

Your taxes at work!

 

Gobby server in 3 steps

I was tasked to examine different options for internal collaborative editing in a small project, for only a few documents and even fewer people.

I knew there was a Gobby server in Ubuntu but didn’t know it was this easy to setup. I quickly found out about Gobby-Infinote (Gobby using the new Infinote protocol) and Infinoted (server). It was really nice to be able to go to the #infinote channel on Freenode and ask questions one-on-one to the actual developpers and validate my tests! Thank you!

From Gobby’s website:

Gobby is a free collaborative editor supporting multiple documents in one session and a multi-user chat. It runs on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux and other Unix-like platforms.

I performed my tests on an Ubuntu 9.10 64-bit desktop.

  1. On all client systems, install the gobby-infinote package
  2. Then on the server system, install the infinoted package
  3. Once the server is installed, either:
  • If you trust your local network and don’t want any security, launch the server using:
    infinoted --security-policy=no-tls

    or

  • If you’d rather have encryption, TLS is available. Use:
    infinoted --create-key --create-certificate -k key.pem  -c cert.pem

The keys creation is automatic, and you can launch the server just using:

infinoted -k key.pem  -c cert.pem

You can also specify such options in ~/.config/infinoted.conf as noted on Infinoted’s wiki (which I plan to update with some of my notes). I am not sure yet what’s best to start the server automatically at system’s startup, I am told upstart should handle this. I’ll probably file a bug or investigate that further later.

Of course your server system can be a desktop, and you can run Gobby from that same system. Once installed clients should go to Accessories > Internet > Gobby Collaborative Editor (0.5).

You will also need to install avahi-daemon so the Infinote Gobby server availability is advertised through your local network and it’s shown among possible choices in your Gobby clients.

If you have setup TLS and you double click one of the available servers that use it, you will be presented a warning as you have a self-signed certificate:

The « other » Gobby in Ubuntu is a previous, stable version (package: gobby). Its server companion, sobby, is not the focus of current development efforts.

The main differences I found are:

  • Optional TLS encryption
  • Undo ability (which required rewriting the sync protocol)
  • Interface improvements
  • Ability to delete files
  • Folder hierarchy creation now possible
  • Graceful recovery & offer to save when the server « disappears » or when someone deletes a file
  • Zeroconf support – so the server « advertises » itself on a LAN, no more IP/port info needed

The current client version in Karmic is 0.4.92 but 0.4.93 is already in Lucid and 0.4.94 is looing up.

Find out more here:

 

Comment visionner tou.tv sur Linux – merci pour rien Radio-Canada!

Depuis quelques jours le site tou.tv offre à tous les canadiens le contenu des émissions les plus populaires de Radio-Canada.

Enfin presque tous. Ça prends Windows ou Mac. Pardon ?

Les utilisateurs d’Ubuntu se sont rapidement rendu compte que le site n’affichait qu’un carré noir à la place des vidéos. Sur la FAQ de tou.tv, aucune mention de Linux. Rien! Sur la liste de discussion d’Ubuntu Québec, groupe d’utilisateurs de cette distribution Linux, les esprits se sont vite enflammés. C’est que ce n’est pas la première fois que Radio-Canada commet cette bévue. Et non, on n’est plus « seulement 1% d’utilisateurs d’ordinateurs ».

Le format Flash choisit n’est pas l’idéal pour les utilisateurs Linux. L’idéal serait une solution basée sur des formats libres. Le format Flash est une forme de contrôle des drois numériques (les DRM pour ses sigles en anglais), mais bon, on se compte presque chanceux que la technologie Silverlight de Microsoft ait été abandonnée. Une multitudes de web-télé privées et publiques fonctionnent en Flash sous Linux, il suffisait donc de tester et s’assurer que ça fonctionnerait.

Non, l’équipe technique vit apparemment sous une roche depuis plusieurs années. Même leurs réponses « cannées » aux incidents techniques signalés par des membres d’Ubuntu Québec et par FACIL n’ont pas changé. Et l’Ombudsman de Radio-Canada, lui, réponds que ce n’est pas ses affaires les choix techniques de celle-ci. C’est quand même nos taxes non ?

UPDATE: ATTENTION – CE CORRECTIF N’EST PLUS NÉCESSAIRE, LE SITE TOU.TV AYANT ÉTÉ CORRIGÉ SUITE À LA PRESSION EXERCÉE PAR NOTRE GROUPE. MERCI!

Bref, j’ai suggéré la création d’un groupe Facebook, ce qui a été fait assez rapidement (merci à Martin Bureau). 24h et presque 300 membres plus tard, Patrick St-Onge a trouvé le petit bout de code qui a provoquée cette tempête. Une ligne qui était en commentaire.

Je vous épargne les détails. Je suis encore un peu étourdi par cette trouvaille!

Comment on peut expliquer ça en 2010 ? C’est si insignifiant qu’ils pourront dire que c’est un simple oubli.

Je savais qu’avec GreaseMonkey on pourrait enlever ledit commentaire, j’ai donc immédiatement invité quiconque lirait le commentaire de Patrick dans le groupe à venir me rejoindre sur le canal de chat IRC de FACIL. Deux personnes ont répondu, ggrz et VanBrooken (de par leur surnom sur IRC). Pour faire une histoire courte, heureusement, ggrz a fourni le script (le mien étant trop pourri 🙂 ) et VanBrooken et moi l’avons testé. Il y a certainement mieux comme solution mais pour l’instant celle-ci semble « faire la job ». On a constaté par exemple qu’il manque les barres pour choisir la qualité… Étant donné que l’auteur original l’a publié en « public domain », nous pouvons en faire ce que nous en voulons.

La solution

Vous devez avoir:

  • Firefox
  • GreaseMonkey

J’ai testé avec FF 3.5.7 et Greasemonkey 0.8.20091209.4. Comme j’ai indiqué plus haut deux autres personnes (l’auteur et une autre) ont confirmé que ça fonctionnait.

UPDATE: ATTENTION – CE CORRECTIF N’EST PLUS NÉCESSAIRE, LE SITE TOU.TV AYANT ÉTÉ CORRIGÉ SUITE À LA PRESSION EXERCÉE PAR NOTRE GROUPE. MERCI!

Une fois GreaseMonkey installé, après redémarrer Firefox:

1) Ouvrez le site tou.tv
2) Allez sur Tools > Grease Monkey > New user Script
3) Remplissez les champs comme suit:

Name: toutv-linux
Namespace: http://www.toutv.com/greasemonkey
Description: Script pour visionner toutv sous LInux
Includes: http://tou.tv/* (ceci devrait déjà être là si vous avez ouvert tou.tv)
Excludes: (laisser ce champ vide)

4) Cliquez OK
5) Allez sur Tools > Grease Monkey > Manage User Scripts. Le script (vide pour l’instant) devrait y être. Choisissez-le (un click)
6) Cliquez Edit (en bas, à gauche)
7) Si on vous demande pour un éditeur de texte, entrez /usr/bin/gedit
8) Ajoutez à la fin du document présenté ceci:


(function() {

window.addEventListener(« load », function(e) {
var player = document.getElementById(« playerDiv »);
if(player) {
var content = player.innerHTML;
content = content.replace(« flashvars=\ » », « flashvars=\ »releaseURL= » + unsafeWindow.toutv.getRelease() + « & »);
player.innerHTML = content;
}
}, false);
})();

C’est aussi disponible ici et ici. Attention aux sauts de ligne! Chaque ligne termine par un « ; ».

9) Sauvegardez le document
10) Re-chargez la page tou.tv, naviguez les émissions
11) Enjoy 🙂

Attention étant donné que le site est tout récent il est possible que les délais habituels vous empêchent de visionner le contenu. Soyez patients!

Merci encore à Patrick St-Onge et aux deux anonymes qui ont répondu à mon invitation sur IRC: ggrz qui a fournit le script final en GreaseMonkey et VanBrooken qui a testé et confirmé la solution. Merci aussi aux presque 300 personnes qui se sont jointes au groupe Facebook et qui ont contribué à sa visibilité.

UPDATE: ATTENTION – CE CORRECTIF N’EST PLUS NÉCESSAIRE, LE SITE TOU.TV AYANT ÉTÉ CORRIGÉ SUITE À LA PRESSION EXERCÉE PAR NOTRE GROUPE. MERCI!

Maintenant qu’on sait que ça fonctionne avec du Flash, il faut bien continuer et exiger que ça soit disponible en format libre, ça sera un autre combat. FACIL en discutera à son prochain conseil d’administration, il est important de devenir membre ou de faire un don si cette cause vous tient à coeur. FACIL est une association à but non lucratif qui fait la promotion de l’informatique libre au Québec. FACIL organise ou participe à plusieurs autres activités au sujet des logiciels libres et des standards ouverts.

Pour ceux qui pensent que je suis extrémiste ou dans une minorité de Fanboy (deux noms auxquels j’ai eu droit dans cette histoire), je vous laisse quelques mots clés pour vous informer: DRM, Ogg Theora, HTML5, YouTube.